Analisis Perubahan Luasan Tutupan Hutan Mangrove di Kecamatan Pangkalan Susu, Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Mangroves are a collection of woody plants or trees that grow in coastal areas (transitional zones between land and sea) and only grow in tropical and sub-tropical climates. Mangrove forests have many functions and benefits, some of which are to prevent abrasion, mitigate climate change, and provide livelihoods for the community's economy. Indonesia has 21% of mangrove forests from the total area of mangroves in the world. Pangkalan Susu District is one of the areas in Indonesia that has a fairly extensive mangrove land cover. However, every year the mangrove land cover in Pangkalan Susu District continues to decrease in area, this is due to environmental degradation triggered by the increasing population, especially in coastal areas. This study aims to determine changes in mangrove land cover in Pangkalan Susu District as seen from the data for 2015, 2016, 2020, and 2021. The data process in this study utilizes the ENVI application and the Geographic Information System (GIS) application. The ENVI application is used to collect and process mangrove land cover data, then the data that has been collected will be interpreted using a Geographic Information System (GIS) application. From the results of the data analysis obtained that there has been a change in mangrove land cover in Pangkalan Susu District. From data in 2015, 2016, 2020, and 2021, there was an increase in the area of mangrove land cover in 2016, but there was a very significant decrease in 2021.